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Prickett's Fort State Park
Prickett's Fort State Park is a West Virginia state park north of Fairmont, near the confluence of Prickett's Creek and the Monongahela River, and two miles from Interstate 79. The park features a reconstructed refuge fort and commemorates life on the Virginia frontier during the late 18th century.〔(Prickett's Fort Foundation website ).〕
==Historic fort==
Historic Prickett’s Fort was built to defend early European settlers of what today is West Virginia from raids by hostile Native Americans, a portion of whose territory the settlers appropriated after the Treaty of Fort Stanwix (1768). After a band of settlers led by Daniel Greathouse perpetrated the Yellow Creek massacre in 1774, initiating Lord Dunmore's War, all settlers in the Ohio River Valley were in peril from Indian attack.
Because there was safety in numbers, the settlers built a number of refuge forts, including one on the homestead of Jacob Prickett.〔Little is known of Jacob Prickett (1722-1797) beyond the fact that he came from West New Jersey and had moved to Prickett’s Creek by 1772.〕 Fairly simple in design, Prickett’s Fort was little more than a hundred-foot-square log palisade built around Prickett’s house. Indians tended to avoid such strong points, preferring to ambush small work parties.〔”History of Prickett’s Fort” (video) (Prickett’s Fort Memorial Foundation website ).〕
When the frontiersmen believed they were in danger of Indian attack, families gathered at such a fortified area, a procedure called “forting up.” In 1774, there were at least a hundred such palisades, blockhouses, and “stations” in the Monongahela Valley, many within a thirty-mile radius of Prickett’s Fort.〔( “Architecture,” Prickett’s Fort Memorial Foundation website ) (accessed April 13, 2010).〕 Perhaps as many as eighty families—several hundred people—gathered at Prickett’s Fort during crisis periods, where they stayed for days or even weeks. Prickett’s Fort was never attacked, although militiamen from the confluence area were killed by Indians elsewhere.〔”History of Prickett’s Fort” (video) (Prickett’s Fort Memorial Foundation website ). Indians did not usually raid during the winter, so white settlers felt safer at home during that time of year. In 1777, the fort was commanded by Captain William Haymond.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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